Lemuel Shattuck's Health Report (1850) proposed which actions?

• A. Est. Boards of Health, collect vital stats, research on disease, health education, controlling exposure to alcohol and smoke and adulterated foods, quack medicine
• B. Create nationwide vaccination mandates
• C. Build private hospitals
• D. Develop advanced laboratory techniques

Answer: (A)

Early public health reform focused on building public health governance and data systems to prevent disease. The Shattuck Health Report of 1850 laid out a comprehensive program to create state and local boards of health, to collect vital statistics, to support research on disease, and to promote health education. It also urged regulation to control exposures that harmed health—such as alcohol and tobacco use and adulterated foods—and to curb quack medicine. This combination aimed to bring sanitation, surveillance, and consumer protection into public policy, creating the institutions and practices that underlie modern public health.

The other options don’t fit because the report did not advocate nationwide vaccination mandates, did not emphasize building private hospitals, and did not focus on developing advanced laboratory techniques as a central goal.